社区孕妇母乳喂养干预方案偏好研究

Study on breastfeeding intervention project preference among the pregnant women in a community

目的 了解孕妇对母乳喂养干预方案的偏好,制定更能满足干预对象意愿的干预方案,提高干预有效率。方法采用问卷调查法,选取2014年3-12月在该社区卫生服务中心妇女保健门诊建卡的孕期为22周以内的843名初孕妇为调查对象,对其家庭基本情况、干预方式和干预时间偏好进行横断面调查。结果 干预方式中仅有对手册或折页的偏好在不同的家庭人均月收入下表现出有统计学差异（χ2=10.390,P=0.034）,而干预时间偏好在不同的孕妇年龄、户籍、文化程度和丈夫年龄、文化程度下均表现出有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论 手机短信和相关手册或折页干预方式是目前多数孕妇的选择,其中,手机短信干预时间以下午为宜;具有不同家庭特征的孕妇在选择干预方式上多无统计学差异,而在干预时间的选择上多存在统计学差异,提示针对不同孕妇进行母乳喂养干预时,时间的多样化相比转换干预方式显得更为重要。本研究对孕妇干预偏好影响因素的研究,还有待于随着资料的积累和质量的提升,从单因素向多因素转变。

Objective：To understand breastfeeding intervention project preference among the pregnant women,in order to develop breastfeeding intervention project to meet the wishes of the target population and improve the efficiency of intervention.Methods：A questionnaire was used to survey 843 primiparous women within 22 gestational weeks who built cards in Health Service Center of Jinyang Community from March to December in 2014; a cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate basic family condition,intervention methods and time preference.Results：There was statistically significant difference in manual or folding preference in the intervention methods among the pregnant women with different family monthly incomes（χ2= 10.390,P = 0.034）; there was statistically significant difference in intervention time preference among the pregnant women in different age groups,with different census registers,educational levels,ages and educational levels of their husbands（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：According to maternal preference,SMS and related manual or folding intervention are the choice of most pregnant women.The time of SMS intervention in the survey shows that the afternoon is appropriate.Pregnant women with different family characteristics do not show significant difference in the choice of intervention methods,while there is significant difference in the choice of intervention time.This suggests that compared with breastfeeding intervention methods,the conversion of intervention time is more important for different pregnant women.In this study,the study about factors affecting preference for intervention still need a shift from single-factor to multi-factor,with the accumulation of information and the improvement of quality.