试析民国时期离村农民的横向流动及其谋生方式——以苏北地区为中心

Analysis of the Lateral Movement and Livelihood of Immigrant Farmers during the Period of Republican China:A Case Study of Northern Jiangsu

民国时期农民离村后,其运动轨迹有这样的规律:由人口高压区流向人口低压区;由经济落后地区流向经济发达地区;由社会动荡地区流向相对平安地区等。就苏北地区而言,有些农民离村后来到江苏南部地区从事农业劳动,有的前往苏北沿海新垦区,成为新的雇农。因此地广人稀的苏北盐垦区和苏南地区是他们离村后的主要去处。

During the period of republican China,the flow of immigrant farmers has such a rule as follows：flowing from the region of high population pressure to the region of low population pressure;from the backward area to the developed area;from the socially turbulent area to the relatively peaceful area,etc.For the farmers in northern Jiangsu,some of them came to southern Jiangsu to engage in agriculture;some of them went to the new northern Jiangsu coastal reclamation area to be new farm laborers.Therefore,their main destinations are the vast territory with a sparse population in northern Jiangsu salt reclamation area and southern Jiangsu.