当我们谈论“全球科幻小说”时,我们谈论什么:对新节点的反思

What Do We Mean When We Say “Global Science Fiction”?:Reflections on a New Nexus

不久前还被用来定义国家、文化和科幻小说的条件业已为全球化政权的经济政治转型所破坏。然而,我们并没有见到某个具体的"全球文化"来取代其位置。科幻小说与以英语为母语国家的文化霸权之间的关系依旧紧密。后者现在包括了美国与英国前殖民地。对非霸权文化关注严重不足意味着非英语或未被英译的科幻小说影响力将十分有限。科幻电影可以在全球拥有受众,然而它在很大程度上还是受限于强大的美国电影产业。非美国科幻电影倾向于在复制美国模式统治下的国际模式的同时,插入为本土观众所准备的信息。科幻艺术主要的突破或许可以寄希望于网络艺术形式,但我们很难预测届时英语霸权是否会发生实质性的改变。

The economic and political transformations of the globalizing regime have un- dermined the conditions that have been used until the recent past for defining nations, cul- tures, and science fiction itself. No clear ＂global culture＂ has emerged, however, to take their place. SF remains bound up with the hegemony of Anglophone culture, which now includes the former colonies of the US and the UK. The notorious lack of interest in non- hegemonic cultures means that written sf that is not written or translated into English has a limited influence. SF cinema has access to transnational audiences, but it too is largely con- ditioned by the global power of the US film industry. Non-US sf cinema tends to reproduce the characteristics of the US-dominated international style, while supplementing it with messages directed to local audiences. The main breakthroughs of sf art in the future will probably arrive via internet arfforms, but one cannot say for certain whether these will be genuine alternatives to the Anglo hegemony or expansions of it.