北细辛挥发油对5种镰刀菌的抑菌活性及其成分分析

Composition Analysis of Asarum heterotropoides Essential Oil and its Inhibitory Activity Against Five Species of Fusarium

以水蒸气蒸馏法提取北细辛挥发油,通过菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法,研究其对5种马铃薯干腐病致病菌镰刀菌的抑菌效果,优化提取方法,并采用气质联用法分析挥发油的化学成分。结果表明北细辛挥发油对5种供试镰刀菌抑制作用显著,且抑菌活性与挥发油浓度呈剂量依赖性。不同方法提取的4组挥发油共鉴定出51种成分,其中18种组分相同,均以甲基丁香酚和黄樟醚为主,两者总含量达50%以上。地下部分挥发油含量明显高于地上部分,且超声辅助浸提法提取率更高。因此,北细辛挥发油可进一步开发为植物源农药,具有很好的开发前景。

The inhibitory activity of Asarum heterotropoides essential oil extracted by steam distillation on five species of Fusarium leading to potato dry rot was tested by mycelium growth rate method and spore germination method.Steam distillation and ultrasonic-assisted extraction were utilized to optimize the extraction efficiency, and GC-MS was employed to analyze the constituents of essential oils.The results showed that the essential oil had a significant inhibitory activity on five species of tested Fusarium, which was in a dose-dependent manner with the concentration of essential oil.A total of 51 compounds were identified in essential oil by GC-MS, 18 of which were the same,while methyl eugenol and safrole were the main components in 4 groups of essential oils extracted by different methods.The content of essential oil of underground part was significantly higher than that of the aerial part and extraction rate of ultrasonic-assisted extraction method was higher.Therefore,essential oil of A.heterotropoides can be further developed as a plant derived antifungal agent with high development prospects.