污泥堆肥工艺除臭保氮的实验研究

Research on Deodorizing and Reducing Nitrogen Los from Composting of Sewage Sludge

以阳江市第一净水厂的污泥和市政园林废弃物为原料进行好氧高温堆肥的实验论证,研究了堆肥过程中臭味和肥效散失的原因以及N元素的变化机理。结果表明,随着温度和p H值的上升,有机氮转化为NH4+-N,进而以氨气的形态挥发是氮元素损失的主要途径,也是臭味的重要来源。堆肥过程中N元素首先由有机氮转化为铵态氮,在反应第七天,铵态氮的含量达到最高,此后由于铵态氮转化为挥发性氮导致氨氮含量呈现波动性降低;而挥发性氮的含量随着温度变化下降趋于平缓。总氮含量由于堆体物料的减少呈现先降低、然后波动上升的趋势,堆肥完成时,总氮含量从初期的20.6 g/kg增加到22.0 g/kg。

The mechanism of ammoniacal nitrogen was investigated during aerobic composting using the sludge of sewage plant in Yangjiang and municipal garden wastes as raw material. The results indicated that pH and temperature have important influence on ammonia nitrogen and losses. The main way to nitrogen loss is organic nitrogen into ammoniacal nitrogen and ammoniacal nitrogen loss in ammonia, which is also the main source of odor during aerobic composting process, conditioner. The results aslo indicated that NH4^＋- N, V - NH3 and TN existed mainly nitrogen element form in the eomposting, and changed continuously by microbial nitration, ammonization and mineralization in the different conditions of temperature, pH and et al. In the middle of the compost, temperature and pH became higher, the content of NH4^＋ - N and V - NH3 increased then decreased, and TN increased with time,compost later period ,the content of TN increased from 20.6 g/kg to 22.0 g/kg.