资本逻辑下的欲望异化及人类的自我奴役

The Alienation of Desire under Capital Logic and Self Enslavement of Human Beings

欲望有合理和不合理之分,需要有真实和虚假之别。贪欲这种异化的欲望并非人之本性,而是被资本主义制度、文化和社会环境激发和制造的,这使得贪欲普遍化成为当代资本主义消费社会的基本特征。当代资本主义社会具有四种制造贪欲的机制。在资本主义消费社会这部"欲望永(涌)动机"的压榨下,人们因贪欲而自我奴役和虚耗生命力已经达到极其严重的程度,这是当代人类所遭受的深重的蒙昧。节制欲望实现人的解放需要从两个方面着手,一是立足于文明再启蒙的教育,但是这种单纯的文明再启蒙只能使少数觉悟的人得到解放,二是去除制造贪欲普遍化的土壤——即以私有制为核心的资本主义社会制度,从而使得普罗大众都得到解放。

The paper distinguishes the rational and irrational desires,the true and false need,and discusses the relationships between the different categories of desires and different categories of demand,so as to reveal the mechanism and performance of desire alienation.We argue that avarice which is the alienation of desire is not human nature,but stimulated and created by the system,culture and social environment.This makes the greed universal and become the basic characteristics of the consumption society in contemporary capitalism.By revealing the four mechanisms of greed creation in the contemporary capitalist society,we find that under the press of perpetual greedy motion machine in capitalist society,the self-enslavement and wasted lives due to greed have reached to a serious extent.This is the deep ignorance suffered by contemporary people.Finally,the paper believes that there are two approaches for desire restriction and the liberation of human being.On the one hand it is via education to re-enlighten civilization.On the other hand,a simple reenlightenment can only make a small number of enlightened people liberated,and if we want the general public to be liberated,we will need to remove the institutional soil for greedy manufacturing,that is the social system of private ownership.