对外汉语课堂教师提问案例分析——以“弗大在上海”中文项目为例

A Case Study on Teachers' Questioning In the Classroom of Teaching Chinese as a Second Language——Set the“Uva-in-Shanghai”as an example

课堂提问作为师生互动、教师组织教学的有效途径,起着至关重要的作用。本文选取"弗大在上海"(UVA-in-Shanghai)中文项目中一节"操练课"的课堂提问作为研究对象,通过对授课教师录像的观察和转写,从问题数量与类型、提问流程、提问策略以及教师的反馈等四个方面对教师的课堂提问进行分析。在此密集型的对外汉语教学中,教师利用"问题"构成整个课堂的主线,在问答式的互动教学中完成教学任务。此种问答法,避免了由于教师进行"满堂灌"或者讲解过多,导致学生一方面参与课堂的积极性降低,另一方面缺少练习机会的弊端。利用问答式的授课方法贯彻"精讲多练"原则,会提高课堂效率,在语言学习课堂中尤为重要。

As an effective way of interaction between teachers and students as well as the classroom organization,classroom questioning plays a vital role. This paper sets the 'Uva- in- Shanghai'Chinese programme as an example,selecting one drill lesson as the research object. Through observation to the teacher and video transcription,we analysize the classroom questioning from four aspects including the number and type of questions,the process of raising questions,questions and feedback from teachers and other strategies for classroom questioning. In this kind of intensive Chinese learning programme,teachers' raising problem and interations afterwards is the main line of the whole class,thus the teacher can also reach the teaching goal. This method,on the one hand,avoids teachers ' talking or explaining too much,which may lead to students' inactiveness in class,on the other hand,gives more opportunities for students to practice in class. Therefore,the use of Q&A teaching methods,implementing the principle of speaking concisely and practicing frequently,will improve classroom efficiency greatly,which is particularly important in language learning classroom.