川西高原藏族民居室内热环境测试研究

Study on measuring the indoor thermal environment of Tibetan vernacular houses on the Chuanxi Plateau

由于严酷气候和地理环境的影响,川西高原的藏族民居室内热环境质量低下,当前落后的采暖方式对当地生态造成了极大的损害.为了改善室内热环境和降低建筑能耗,在冬夏两季对甘孜州康定县塔公乡夏马龙村民居进行了室内热环境测试,根据测试结果提出了以下建议:(1)当地民居的冬季采暖问题应采取主动、被动太阳能利用相结合来解决;(2)引入聚苯板、双层塑钢窗等现代保温材料,提高围护结构的保温性能;(3)加大南向窗户,并增设夜间保温板,同时其他朝向尽量避免开窗或开窗面积尽可能小;(4)南向设置附加阳光间作为间歇式使用房间,对内侧房间能起到很好的集热和气候缓冲的作用,使其在夏季可以全天保持舒适稳定的温度;(5)冬季需要在直接受益式房间内增湿来提高舒适度.

Due to the severe climate and geography, indoor thermal environment of Tibetan vernacular houses on Chuanxi Plateau is poor, and besides, the outdated heating mode there has greatly harmed its ecological environment. In order to improve the indoor thermal environment and reduce the building energy consumption, measuring studies of Tibetan vernacular houses were conducted in Xiamalong Village, Tagong, Kangding in both winter and summer, and accordingly suggestions are given as follows： （1） Heating of vernacular houses in winter should be solved by both active and passive solar use; （2） Modern insulation materials such as polysty- rene boards and double-glazed plastic-steel windows should be introduced into vernacular houses for improving insulation perfor- mance of their envelope; （3） Windows on south should be enlarged with night insulation, but windows on other orientations should be avoided or as small as possible; （4） South-attached sunspace as an intermittent room could be a good heat-collector and climatic buffer of its inner room; and, （5） Direct-gain room should be humidified in winter to enhance its indoor comfort.