伪色诺芬《雅典政制》史料价值初探

Preliminary Investigation on the Historical Value of Pseudo-Xenophon's The Constitution of the Athenians

伪色诺芬《雅典政制》作为公元前5世纪后期雅典的历史文献,对于研究雅典政治状况、原提洛同盟"盟邦"与雅典的关系以及探析民主政治的实质具有重要的史料价值。作者主要从平民的权利、海上霸权两个方面论述雅典民主制保持完好的原因,评述"盟邦"主权遭到雅典侵夺的历史事实,从而证明雅典民主制乃是建立在全体雅典人对非雅典人剥削、奴役基础之上的。当政者所采取种种强化民主的措施,其目的都是为了维护雅典人的根本利益。

Pseudo-Xenophon＇s The Constitution of the Athenians,as an Athenian social literature in the late fifth century B. C.,is valuable for studies of Athenian politics,relationship between the‘allies＇ of Delian League and Athenians,and Athenian democracy. The author discusses the main reasons why Athenian democracy could remain intact from the aspects of commonalty＇rights and naval supremacy,and reviews the facts that sovereignties of the ‘allies＇ were deprived of by Athens,thus proves that at that time,Athenian democracy was based on the exploitation for non-Athenians. The purpose of the various measures to strengthen democracy implemented by those in power was to safeguard the fundamental interests of all Athenians.