唐家河国家级自然保护区藏酋猴(Macaca thibetana)的生境选择

Habitat Selection of Macaca thibetana in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve

2013年3月至2014年2月,在唐家河国家级自然保护区毛香坝区域对对一群数量50只~60只的野生藏酋猴生境选择进行了研究。根据藏酋猴的活动位点,设置了96个20 m×20 m的植物样方,测定了植被类型、乔木密度、乔木胸径、乔木高度、郁闭度、灌丛盖度、地理性、海拔、坡向、坡度、坡位、水源距离、干扰距离等13个生态因子。对该群藏酋猴生境选择喜好程度分析表明,唐家河国家级自然保护区的藏酋猴偏好利用常绿落阔混交林、落叶阔叶林。猴群选择在乔木平均胸径20 cm^30 cm和平均高度为11 m^20 m的森林活动。它们不选择郁闭度<20%的树林,主要位于海拔1 500 m^2 000 m的地带活动。该群藏酋猴主要栖息于山坡面的森林,活动地点的坡度多介于20°~40°之间。该群藏酋猴对水源距离和干扰距离没有严格要求。

Studies were made of the habitat selection of 50 - 60 stump-tailed macaques （Macaca thibetana） from March 2013 to February 2014 in Maoxiangba region which is geographically located in 104°46′ E, 32035＇ N in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve. Thirteen ecological factors were measured in 96 plots where the macaque group ever stayed. These factors included vegetation types, tree density, DBH （ diameters of breast height of trees）, tree height, canopy cover, shrub coverage, geographical positions, altitude, slope aspects, slope degrees, slope position, the distances to water and the distances to human disturbances. The results indicated that stump-tailed macaques preferred to inhabit evergreen and deciduous broadleaf mixed forests, and deciduous broadleaf forests, whose DBH usually was 20 cm -30 cm and the mean tree height was 11 m -20 m, and the canopy cover was not lower than 20%. They chose altitudes from 1 500 m to 2 000 m ,whose forests grew in the slope face of mountains where the slope degree is 20°- 40°. This macaques group had not restrict demands for the distances to water and human disturbances.