新中国成立至改革开放前我国应对海洋灾害的实践及启示

The Practice and Inspiration of Dealing with Marine Disasters of China from 1949 to 1978

梳理和总结新中国初期我国应对海洋灾害的实践,有助于我们了解海洋灾害的应对措施并为当今提供借鉴。通过对我国海洋灾害史料的分析和总结,得知从新中国成立至改革开放前这一时期内,"防重于救"是我国应对海洋灾害的的主要指导思想,在海洋灾害预测预警、建设防护性工程、群众自救和政府辅以必要救济等方面发挥了重要作用,并为之后我国应对海洋灾害打下了一定基础。

Combing and concluding the practice of dealing with marine disasters is conducive to learning the responses of marine disasters and can also provide some inspiration for the present work. With the method of analyzing and summing- up the historical materials, we conclude that the thought of ＂to protect against future flooding is more important than rescue＂ was the major guiding ideology of dealing with marine disaster from 1949 to 1978. It played an important role in early warning and monitoring of marine disaster, constructing protective engineering, organizing people＇ s self-help actions and providing necessary government relief and all the efforts laid the foundation for the later work.