我国心理咨询师与治疗师职业资格认证办法

The way for certifying counselors and psychotherapists in China

目的：基于职业胜任力的视角,探讨我国心理咨询师与治疗师职业资格认证的适当途径,着重于改进＂中国心理学会临床与咨询心理学专业机构和专业人员注册系统＂心理师评审方案。方法：采用文献法梳理国内外心理咨询师与治疗师职业资格认证的理论和实践以确定我国认证办法的设计原则;采用专家法提出我国心理咨询师与治疗师的核心胜任力以形成评审指标体系,并通过问卷调查对改进后的评审方案进行初步评价。结果：＂多特质、多方法、多来源＂是心理咨询师与治疗师职业资格认证办法的设计原则;我国心理咨询师与治疗师的核心胜任力包括专业态度与行为、伦理与法律,临床知识与技能,科学与研究,关系建立,多元文化及中国文化,个案管理等6个领域;改进后方案确定的评审材料能够命中全部核心胜任力且专家评定的一致性信度较高（Cronbachα=0.74~0.97）,专家对改进后方案的评价较高。结论：改进后的评审方案确定的核心胜任力反映了从事心理咨询与治疗专业实践必须具备的态度、知识与技能,可以作为我国心理咨询师与治疗师教育、培训、实践,以及胜任力评估的参考;改进后的评审方案可以作为我国心理咨询师与治疗师职业资格认证的一个过渡办法。

Objective： From a professional competency-based perspective, this study aimed to explore appro- priate ways for certifying counselors and psychotherapists in China, and focused on improving the evaluation pro- gram for clinical and counseling psychologist of the Clinical and Counseling Psychology Registration System （CCPRS） of Chinese Psychological Society. Method： The theories and methods for certifying counselors and psychotherapists in China and overseas were summarized by using the literature method, based on which the design principles for certification in China were determined. Using the expert method, the core competencies of Chinese counselor and psychotherapist were proposed to form the index system of evaluatiorL A survey was also conducted to obtain a preliminary validity of the improved evaluation program. Result： Design principles for certifying coun- selors and psychotherapists were multi-trait, multi-method, and multi-informant. The core competencies of Chinese counselor and therapist included six domains, which were professional attitudes and conduct, ethics and law, clinical knowledge and skills, science and research, relationship building, cultural diversity and Chinese culture, case man-agement, respectively. Results from the expert judgments indicated that the evaluation materials which formulated by the improved program could assess all six core competencies and had acceptable reliabilities（ Cronbach＇s a = 0.74 -0.97）. And the expert evaluation about the improved program was high. Conclusion： The core competencies of Chinese counselor and therapist, which formulated by the improved evaluation program, reflect the necessary attitudes, knowledge and skills that needed when engaged in the professional practice of counseling and psychothera- py, and also can be used as a reference for counselor and psychotherapist education, training, practice, and compe- tency evaluation in China. The improved evaluation program can be used as a transitional way for certifying counselors and psychotherapists in China.