红枫湖苔藓植物的物种多样性

Species Diversity of Bryophytes in Hongfeng Lake

为苔藓植物的保护提供本底资料,并为红枫湖地区水源涵养、水土保持和环境污染检测提供理论依据,采用相似性系数、重要值和多样性指数等对红枫湖4个岛屿的苔藓植物物种多样性进行调查研究。结果表明:红枫湖苔藓植物共有18科34属107种,优势科为丛藓科、青藓科和羽藓科,美灰藓、东亚小羽藓和短肋羽藓为优势种。4个岛屿苔藓植物的Dahl指数、Shannon指数和Simpson指数均表现为鸳鸯岛1>兴隆半岛>野鸡坡>鸳鸯岛2,鸳鸯岛1的多样性指数最高,为0.913 7;鸳鸯岛2的多样性指数最低,为0.704 4。苔藓植物群落相似性以鸳鸯岛1和鸳鸯岛2的最高,为0.327 9;兴隆半岛和鸳鸯岛2的相似性最低,仅为0.111 1。不同生境的Dahl指数、Shannon指数和Simpson指数大小均为土生>石生>石土混生>树生≥腐生,土生和石生2种基质类型为该区苔藓植物最丰富的生境,腐木生生境的苔藓植物分布最少。苔藓植物多样性与岛屿面积、水分、土壤、基质及小生境多样化等有关。

An investigation about bryophytes of four islands in Hongfeng lake was made in order to lay the foundation for bryophutes＇ protection,water conservation and environmental monitoring.Species diversity was studied by means of species similarity coefficient,important valve and species diversity index.The result showed that there were 107 species of bryophytes that belonged to 34 genera and 18 families.The dominant families were Pottiaceae,Brachytheciaceae and Thuidiaceae and the dominant species were Hypnum leptothallum,Haplocladium strictulum and Thuidium kanedae.The magnitude of Dahl index,Shannon index and Simpson index in four islands was consistent：YYD1〉XLBD YJP〉YYD2.The species diversity of YYD1 was the highest one（0.913 7）of all islands,while YYD2 wasthe lowest（0.704 4）.The species similarities between YYD1 and YYD2were the highest（0.327 9）,while the species similarities between XLBD and YYD2 were the lowest（0.111 1）.The Dahl index,Shannon index and Simpson index of different habitats ranked：soil〉rocksoil and rock mixed〉tree≥rotten wood.The habitat conditions played an important role in bryophytes,which was the richest in soil and rock habitat,the lowest in rotten wood.The biodiversity of bryophytes was closely related with the island area,moisture,soil,matrix,habitat and so on.