中国对美国农产品贸易的经济效率

Economic Efficiency of Agricultural Products Trade between China and USA

为促进中国对美国农产品贸易的发展提供参考,通过对比2010-2012年与2000-2002年的中美农产品贸易数据,归纳分析了我国加入世贸组织以来与美国的农产品贸易状况,并运用经济效率指数测算,比较中国对美国的农产品进出口经济效率。结论:中国对美国农产品进口的经济效率明显优于出口经济效率。进口经济效率较高的主要原因是美国农产品相对于我国农产品的竞争力比较优势以及中国大幅削减进口关税并扩大进口配额,农产品出口经济效率低的主要原因是美国农产品贸易的技术壁垒、绿色壁垒以及对农业的高度补贴。建议:我国政府应加强对农产品生产和出口的支持力度,加快我国农产品的生产技术创新和质量提高,并大力整顿进出口市场秩序。

The agricultural products trade status between China and USA was analyzed by comparing the data between 2010-2012 and 2000-2002 period,and agricultural products import and export economic efficiency of China to USA was calculated and compared by using economic efficiency index to provide a reference for agricultural products trade between China and USA.In conclusion,import economic efficiency is higher than export economic efficiency and the main reasons are that competiveness comparative advantage of USA agricultural products is higher than China and China significantly cuts import tariff and expands import quotas.The main reasons of lower agricultural products economic efficiency are USA＇s technical barrier,green barrier and higher subsidy for agriculture.suggestion：China should reinforces the support strength for production and export of agricultural products,speeds up technological innovation of agricultural products production,increases quality of agricultural products,and vigorously reorganizes the import and export market order.