农村土地承包经营权流转的调查分析——基于南昌市4县9村392户农户调研

A Survey on the Rural Land Transfer: Based on Investigations of 9 Villages and 392 Farming Households in Nanchang City

通过对南昌市4县9村293户农户参与土地流转情况调研分析,南昌市农户农民进入快速分化期,土地流转进入快速发展期,土地流转管理服务进入规范建设期。但是,在土地流转适度规模经营模式、土地流转管理服务体系和市场机制、不同农户的发展诉求和权益保障、土地流转监管执法等方面依然存在一些不足。其中原因在于:一是国家惠农政策提升了耕地的价值空间增强了农民对耕地的占有意识;二是"恋土"观念与"土地增值"思想的双重作用加深了农民的守土观点;三是农民收入水平及构成的变化弱化了土地的保障功能;四是受资金科技等因素制约适度规模经营难以全面扩大;五是农民发展与出路的随机性不确定性使得土地难以长期稳定流转。

The new generation farmers do not understand farming and are unwilling to farm. Rural household differentiation leads to agriculture being sidelined. The innovation of rural land transfer system has become an important means of transforming traditional agriculture into modern agriculture. The circulation of rural land contracted management right is the inevitable result from the social and economic development of modern countryside. Analysis of investigations done in Nanchang City on rural land transfer found that the farmers in the city are being rapidly differentiated,that the land transfer develops rapidly,and that the management services of land transfer is in standard construction period. But there still exist some problems such aspects as the land transfer and moderate scale management,the land transfer mode,the management service system and the market mechanism of land transfer,guarantee of interests and rights of different rural household,and the supervision of law enforcement in land transfer. These problems can be caused by the following reasons. 1. the country＇s agriculture policies have enhanced farmers＇ land consciousness; 2. the concept of land-dependence and land value-added help deepen farmers＇ desired to hodl their land; 3. farmers＇ income level and composition change have weakened the security function of the land; 4. popularization of moderate scale land management is restricted by funding,technology and other factors; 5. the long-term and stability of land transfer is difficult because of farmers＇ uncertainty about development.