上海自由贸易区实施“国际船舶登记制度”的法律问题研究

Study on the legal problems of implementing the international ship registration system in Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone

我国范围内现行的船舶登记制度对于处于开放前沿的上海自由贸易区并不适用。究其原因,这种严格的船舶登记制度不利于上海自由贸易区的繁荣和发展。因此借鉴特案免税登记制度以及上海洋山、天津东疆保税港区对于船舶登记制度的探索经验,上海自由贸易区实行国际船舶登记制度,摒弃严格船舶登记制度和开放船舶登记制度。在此基础上提出符合上海自由贸易区特点的国际船舶登记制度的对策,具体包括对登记条件实行有条件的开放、解除单船融资租赁公司资本限制、完善配套法律法规、简化登记手续和降低船舶登记税费,为上海自由贸易区国际航运中心的建设和其他申请自由贸易区的地区提供示范作用。

The current ship registration system for nationwide cannot be applied in Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone. Considering the practice of special tax-free case registration system, experience of Yangshan Free Trade Port Area and the Dongjiang Free Trade Port Zone of Tianjin on exploring the ship registration system, and the need to construct international shipping center, Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone should abandon strict ship registration system as well as open ship registration system and should implement the international ship registration system. According to the present situation of the development of Free Trade Zone in Shanghai, the international ship registration system should be innovated from the following aspects： conditional opening the conditions for registration, relaxing the capital limitation of single ship financing lease company, improving the supporting laws and regulations, simplifying the registration procedures and reducing the ship registration tax.