既患贫又患不安:编制与公共部门的收入分配研究

Suffering from Both Poverty and Instability:Research on the Establishment and Income Allocation in Public Sector

本文检验了编制对公共部门微观个体的作用。利用中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,本文考察了公共部门"正式工"和"合同工"在个体收入、劳动强度、社会保障等物质方面及主观态度的差异,并进一步检验了行政编制和事业编制的差异。结果显示,相比"正式工","合同工"的收入较少,工作时间较长,且难以享受退休工资和住房公积金;主观态度方面的风险承担能力和幸福感也较差。而人们当"合同工"的主要目的在于,以当前的低收入换取未来的退休保障。进一步的研究表明,行政编制和事业编制前者在收入和住房公积金方面有优势,其余均无显著差异,这凸显了编制的普遍价值。本文为深化我国公共部门的编制和收入分配改革提供了经验支持。

This paper verifies the role of establishment for individuals in public sector. Using the data from China Household Finance Survey, we examine the differences of income, labor intensity, social security and subjective attitude between regular workers and contracted workers in public sector. And we further investigate the role of Administrative Establishment （AE） and Public Institution Establishment （PIE）. The results indieate that compared to regular workers, contracted workers have less income, work for longer time and are more difficult to enjoy retirement pay and housing accumulation funds. Moreover, contracted workers also have lower risk preference and sense of happiness in subjective attitude. And the main reason of people engaged in contracted workers is to exchange current low-income for retirement security in future, The further research show that there are no significant differences between AE and PIE except the former has advantage in income and housing accumulation funds, which highlights the common value of establishment. The conclusions of this paper will provide empirical support for deepening reform on organization establishment and income allocation in China＇s public sector.