青土湖水面形成对区域典型植被分布的影响

Effect of Water Body Forming on the Distribution of Typical Vegetation in Qingtu Lake

腾格里沙漠与巴丹吉林沙漠在石羊河尾闾湖——青土湖区域逐渐形成合围之势,因此向青土湖输水和形成水面对促进区域植被恢复和环境整治具有重要意义。利用2010、2011、2013年不同年份的高分辨率遥感影像资料和研究区的调查资料,通过面向对象分类遥感分类方法对水面和植被类型面积进行了统计分析。结果表明:连年输水形成叠加效应,人工水面面积成倍增加,区域地下水位快速上升。随着水面的形成与变化,芦苇(Phragmites australis)趋水分布,但连片分布格局滞后于水面形成,临接水域的白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)大面积消失。人工水面影响区域生态环境,导致区域典型植被面积随之变化。

Tengger Desert and Badain Jaran Desert are gradually forming encirclement situation at QingtuLake in Minqin. Therefore it is of significance to input water into Qingtu Lake and form water body forvegetation restoration and environmental remediation in the Shiyang River watershed. In this paper, based onrelative hydrological data and high resolution remote sensing image data of 2010, 2011 and 2013, the authoradopted object- oriented classification method and studied areas of water and vegetation in the regionstatistically. The results showed that the fold-increase of water area and the fast-raise of underground waterlevel had been achieved with superimposed effect of water input. With the changing of water body, vegetationof Phragmites australis was formed by water surroundings, but a large area of reeds distribution fell behind theformation of water body, and the area of Nitraria tangutorum decreased around the water body. The studyproves that the formation of artificial water body could influence regional ecological environment restorationwhich results in the change of regional plant community.