不同抗旱类型冬小麦根系特征及其与产量的关系研究

Study on Root System Characteristic and Its Relationship with Yield of Winter Wheat Varieties with Different Types of Resistance to Drought

研究了我国黄淮麦区6种抗旱类型不同的冬小麦品种（系）,在自然降水条件下,大田不同土层中小麦根系特征及其对产量和产量构成性状的影响,结果表明：不同抗旱类型的冬小麦根系总量呈现显著性差异,而且在不同土层中分布的根量不同,根系总量主要集中在0~20 cm土层中。抗旱性强高产的品种,其根系干重中等偏上,且在土壤中的垂直分布状况为20 cm以下根系占总根系的25%左右。因此,在干旱半干旱地区根系干重过大且分布在0~20 cm层的比例过高或根系过小,产量均较低。

Under the condition of natural rainfall, the author studied the root system characteristics and their relationships with the yield and yield components of 6 winter wheat varieties （lines） with different types of resistance to drought in Huang-Huai wheat area. The results showed that there was a significant difference in root system gross among different winter wheat varieties, the root number in various soil layers was different, and the root system was mainly distributed in 0-20 cm soil layer. As for the wheat varie- ties with strong drought-resistance and high yield, their root system dry weight was above average, and about 25% of total root sys- tem was distributed in the soil layer with the depth of above 20 em. So the wheat varieties whose root system had too high （ or too low） dry weight and was mainly distributed in 0-20 cm soil layer had relatively low grain yield in arid and semi-arid region.