磷肥施用量对玉米产量、土壤无机磷及磷肥利用率的影响

Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Application Rate on Maize Yield,Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Content and Phosphorus Fertilizer Utilization Efficiency

采用田间小区试验方法,研究了不同磷肥施用量对玉米产量、磷吸收量及磷肥利用率的影响。结果表明:施用磷肥对玉米籽粒产量有一定的影响,以施磷120 kg/hm2的玉米籽粒产量最高;达到玉米籽粒理论最高产量的磷肥施用量为181.8 kg/hm2;土壤无机态磷(Olsen-P、Ca Cl2-P)含量均随着磷肥施用量的增加而显著增加;磷肥施用量对玉米籽粒及地上部磷含量的影响不明显;过量施用磷肥会降低玉米对磷肥的利用率。

The effects of different phosphorus fertilizer application rates on the maize yield, phosphorus absorptive amount and phosphorus fertilizer utilization efficiency were studied through field plot tests. The results indicated that the application of phosphor- us fertilizer had a certain effect on the grain yield of maize, and the grain yield of maize was the highest under the condition of 120 kg/hm2phosphate application. The application rate of phosphorus fertilizer for obtaining the highest theoretical grain yield of maize was 181.8 kg/hm2. The contents of inorganic phosphorus （Olsen-P, CaCl2-P） in soil increased significantly with the increase in the application rate of phosphorus fertilizer. The application rate of phosphorus fertilizer had no obvious effects on the contents of phosphorus in both grain and overground part of maize plants. The excessive application of phosphorus fertilizer could reduce the phosphorus fertilizer utilization efficiency in maize.