跨国公司嵌入视角下物流产业集群网络结构演化

The Evolution of Networks Structure in Logistics Clusters from the Perspective of MNEs Embedding

近年来,随着经济全球化的不断推进以及我国服务业外商投资的进一步放开,跨国公司开始通过进驻物流园区、推动某些物流园区形成等方式,以集群核心企业的角色影响我国物流业特别是物流产业集群的发展。运用社会网络分析法研究跨国公司嵌入视角下物流产业集群网络结构的演化可以发现,跨国公司嵌入的物流产业集群网络结构是伴随着跨国公司的进入而突变式演进的,跨国公司嵌入的主要作用是形成集群的"集聚内核",吸引关联企业及物流需求的集聚;集群经济与社会网络互相融合,其集聚程度相对较高且网络中多为强关系,知识网络中的联系比较松散,内容单一且联系对象呈两极分化态势;集群核心型和参与型跨国公司的嵌入过程及其对集群网络结构的影响存在差异,核心型跨国公司在集群中主动结网,始终处于网络中心位置,充当集群资源、信息的"守门人",而参与型跨国公司被动结网且随着集群的发展而逐渐由网络中心向边缘转移。

In recent years,with the development of economic globalization and the further promoted foreign investment in China’s service industry,multi-national enterprises （MNEs） began to have effects on China’s logistics industry development, especially the development of logistic industrial cluster,as the core enterprises of cluster. By using the social network analysis, analysis on the evolution of networks structure in logistics clusters from the perspective of MNEs embedding shows that：the evolution of the network structure of logistics cluster with MNE embedding is abrupt and significant exogenous,accompanied by MNEs intervention forming a“clustering core”;the economic network of the cluster has some overlap with the social network and they have a high degree of concentration,the links of knowledge network are loosely and the content objects present polarization state;the embedding process and effects on cluster network structure of core MNEs and participating MNEs are different,core MNEs are the“doorkeeper”of cluster resources and information,while the participating MNEs are embedded in the cluster passively and move to the edge from the center of the cluster network.