考虑活塞-活塞销系统结构变形及空穴机理的活塞销润滑分析(英文)

Analysis of piston-pin lubrication considering the effects of structure deformation and cavitation

目的:建立柔性结构下的活塞-活塞销耦合系统的润滑模型,分析活塞销的形貌和结构对活塞销的摩擦磨损的影响,为活塞销的设计提供参考依据。创新点:1.建立柔性结构下的活塞销多体动力学模型,将空穴理论与活塞销润滑模型耦合,研究活塞销的润滑情况;2.考虑活塞的热变形,使得活塞销润滑情况更贴近于实际;3.将活塞销的干接触位置与实际活塞销磨损位置进行对比,验证活塞销的易磨损部位。方法:1.基于有限元理论构建活塞-活塞销耦合系统润滑分析所需的有限元模型(图3);2.基于模态缩减理论建立活塞-活塞销耦合系统多体动力学仿真模型,将热变形耦合于活塞销型线中(图4);3.分析活塞销的基本润滑特性,比较空穴现象对润滑的影响(图12–15);4.分析不同型面的活塞销的润滑特性,比较各种型线下活塞销的润滑情况(图16–18);5.分析不同销孔内径下活塞销的润滑特性(图21和22)。结论:1.在活塞销润滑问题分析中,考虑到有限差分网格密度和有限元网格密度不一致,采用节点插值算法解决压力不收敛问题;2.从压力作用于活塞顶部的形式方面分析,研究活塞销易发生干接触的部位;3.对比分析是否考虑空穴机理的活塞销润滑特性;研究结果表明,由于油膜破裂导致油膜不能承受载荷,且承受油膜压力位置的密度为油膜密度,其它区域小于油膜密度;4.对比不同型线下活塞销的干接触情况,为活塞销的设计提供参考依据;5.研究不同活塞销孔内径下的润滑,考虑活塞销的热变形,使得润滑分析更贴近实际。

Running conditions for piston pin boss bearing have become very severe due to the high combustion pressure and piston temperature increase over the past ten years. The aim of this paper was to analyze the friction and lubrication characteristic of piston pin boss bearings and a connecting rod small end bearing. This paper provided a comprehensive analysis of piston pin based on a multi-body dynamic model which considers the oil film cavitation and structure deformation. Effects of different lubrication models, pin structures, and thermal deformation on the lubrication were discussed. The lubrication characteristics and performance parameters including oil film pressure distribution, asperity contact pressure, the minimum oil film thickness, the maximum oil film pressure, and friction power loss were listed. The results showed that the minimum oil film thickness was very different and the maximum oil film pressure was nearly the same. A parabola profile of pin bore can reduce the wear to some extent, and a flare profile intensified wear in some places and caused the wear to be concentrated on a smaller area. Reducing the inner diameters will reduce the wear of the pin boss. However, in a realistic design of the pin, avoiding high inertial force of the piston system and satisfying the demand for reliability of the pin, increasing the inner diameters and reliability is a ＇trade off＇ problem. A suitable design of the hollow diameter is very important. The results can provide guidance for the design of the pin boss bearing.