阿尔茨海默病患者贫血及营养状况的研究

Study of anemia and malnutrition in patients with Alzheimer′s disease

目的探讨阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者贫血及营养状况。方法入组AD患者126例,进行基线MMSE和ADL的评定;正常对照组120例。空腹采取静脉血3 ml,离心后取血清保存在-80℃冰箱内成批待测。基线测量身高和体质量,计算体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)。血液指标包括血红蛋白、铁蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白、叶酸和维生素B12。结果 AD患者BMI为(16.37±3.48)kg/m2,较正常对照组下降(22.61±4.72)kg/m2,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血红蛋白(125.63±26.94)g/L、铁蛋白(125.63±26.94)ng/ml、总蛋白(58.52±4.42)g/L、白蛋白(35.63±4.94)g/L、前白蛋白(247.65±20.48)mg/L、叶酸(9.91±2.90)nmol/L和维生素B12(265.84±42.00)pmol/L显著低于正常对照组血红蛋白(131.05±10.33)g/L、铁蛋白(241.33±39.52)ng/ml、总蛋白(71.05±5.33)g/L、白蛋白(48.33±6.52)g/L、前白蛋白(356.02±37.84)mg/L、叶酸(15.92±2.45)nmol/L和维生素B12(335.90±55.59)pmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 AD患者存在不同程度的贫血和营养不良问题。开展AD患者的健康营养教育具有十分重要的临床意义。

Objective To investigate anemia and malnutrition in patients with Alzheimer′ s disease. Methods 126 AD patients were selected and underwent MMSE and ADL evaluation at baseline;120 patient were assigned to normal control group. The baseline measurements of height,weight and BMI were recorded. Blood indexes include iron hemoglobin protein,albumin,prealbumin,folic acid and vitamin B12. Results Patients with AD（16.37 ± 3.48） kg/m2,had lower Body mass index（BMI）compared with those in normal control group（22.61 ± 4.72） kg/m2;the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. AD patients showed significantly lower Hemoglobin（125.63 ± 26.94） g/L,ferritin（125.63 ± 26.94） ng/ml,Total protein（58.52 ± 4.42） g/L,albumin（35.63 ± 4.94） g/L,prealbumin（247.65 ± 20.48） mg/L,folic acidand（9.91 ± 2.90） nmol/L and vitamin B12（265.84 ±42.00） pmol/L,compared with those in normal control group;the difference was statistical significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion There exists different degrees of anemia and malnutrition in patients with AD;health and education in nutrition have important clinical significance for AD patients.