药品与个人护理品在鱼体中的累积及代谢研究进展

The Bioaccumulation and Metabolism of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Fish

药品与个人护理品(pharmaceuticals and personal care products,PPCPs)作为一类广泛使用和具有特殊物理化学特性的新型环境污染物,能够在水环境中持续低浓度的存在,对水生生态系统具有潜在风险,已经引起了广泛的关注。鱼体内PPCPs的累积与代谢过程研究在PPCPs的生态风险评价中占据极其重要的地位。概述了PPCPs在鱼体内的分布,分析了影响PPCPs在鱼体内累积的因素如PPCPs的性质、组织差异、鱼的种类、不同的描述方法等,讨论了PPCPs的代谢机制,重点介绍了PPCPs在胆汁内的解毒机制和代谢产物,强调了胆汁应用的重要意义。最后,展望了PPCPs在鱼体内的累积和代谢这一研究领域的发展方向。

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products （PPCPs） are a class of emerging contaminants, and oc- cured widely in aquatic environment at constant and low concentrations. PPCPs show a potential risk to the aquatic ecosystem and have attracted extensive concerns. Bioaccumulation and metabolism of PPCPs in fish play an important role in hazard and ecological risk assessment of PPCPs. In this paper, we summarized bioaccumulation of PPCPs in fish, and factors that influence the bioaccumulation, such as chemico-physical properties, tissue-specific differences, species of fish, as well as methods to derive bioconcentration factor. The mechanisms in bioaccumulation for PPCPs in fish were overviewed with focus on the introduction of the detoxification and occurrences of metabolic intermediate products of PPCPs in fish bile. Also, the importance of using fish bile for assessing bioaccumulation and their metaboliam were discussed since it is vital on the study of PPCPs in fish. At the end, we prospect for the future research challenges in the field.