聚乙烯醇精馏残渣组分分析及其环境风险评价

Composition Analysis and Environmental Risk Assessment of the Polyvinyl Alcohol Distillation Residues

为评估聚乙烯醇生产中精馏残渣组分及其环境污染风险,为此类危险废物的环境管理提供技术支持,采集华东某聚乙烯醇生产企业的精馏残渣,分析其重金属以及有机污染物含量,并评估其环境风险。研究结果表明聚乙烯醇精馏残渣主要来自生产环节中的醋酸乙烯精制工段,残渣中的有机物组分主要为醋酸及其他有机酸类,其中醋酸的相对含量达到63.47%;残渣中的重金属主要包括Zn、Ni和Cr,其含量分别为404 537 mg·kg-1,8 654 mg·kg-1和5 084 mg·kg-1。环境风险评价的结果表明残渣中有机物污染物引起的环境风险在可接受范围内,而重金属污染严重,同时有很高潜在生态风险。精馏残渣中的主要环境污染风险因子为醋酸、Zn和Ni。

Samples of polyvinyl alcohol distillation residues collected from a factory in the Eastem of China were analyzed for heavy metals and organic pollutants and the environmental risk of the residues was assessed. Results showed that polyvinyl alcohol distillation residues were mainly discharged by the refined section of ethyl acetate production. The acetic acid was the major organic component in the distillation residues at a concentration of 63.47% and the concentration of heavy metals Zn, Ni and Cr were found to be 404 537, 8 654 and 5 084 mg .kg-1, respectively. The environmental risk of organics in the residue was within an acceptable range, while the heavy metals in the residues were of high potential ecological risk. It was concluded that the main environmental risk factors of the distillation residues were acetic acid, Zn and Ni.