蒙皮件可变型面模具柔性拉形工艺的研究

Study on Reconfigurable Forming Die Flexible Stretch Forming Technology for Skin Parts

针对传统飞机蒙皮件实体模具拉形工艺费用高的问题,提出一种采用可变型面模具进行蒙皮件柔性拉形的先进方法。介绍了可变型面模具的结构组成,阐述了3种模具调形方式的工作原理与特点,以球形件为研究对象,研究了不同的模具离散模式和基本体冲头尺寸对拉形件局部变形和形状误差的影响规律。研究表明:弹性垫的厚度是基本体冲头方体边长的1.25倍时,既能有效地抑制工件的局部变形,又能保证工件的成形精度;对于厚1 mm、曲率半径为1 500 mm球形件,成形精度要求为0.5 mm以下,选择基本体离散排布矩阵为32×40满足生产要求。

Aimed at the problem of high cost in traditional stretch forming technology with solid mold for aircraft skin parts, an advanced flexible stretch forming method was proposed, which realized by reconfigurable forming die. The structure constitutes of recon- figurable forming die was introduced, working principle and characteristics of three mould regulation methods were expounded. Based on the spherical parts as study objects, the laws of influences on local deformations and shape errors caused by different mould discrete patterns and basic punch sizes were studied. The studies show that not only can local deformation of parts be restrained, but also shape accuracy can be ensured when the thickness of elastic cushion is 1.25 times the length of the basic punch cube side. As for spherical parts with 1 mm thick and 1 500 mm curvature radius, and forming accuracy requirements under 0. 5 mm, basic discrete configuration matrix for 32×40 is selected to meet the nroduction reouirements.