马克思的政治经济学批判研究——重新理解《资本论》政治经济学批判的真实意蕴

On Marx's Critique of Political Economics——Rethinking on the Essence of Das Kapital

马克思的政治经济学不是纯粹的经济学,而是在政治经济学批判的意义上才成立的政治经济学。作为马克思政治经济学批判的对象,古典经济学用实证主义的眼光去观察对象,高度重视事物的现象和事实,但是它从不去探究现象的历史来历和事实的内在根据,这就会走向对经济事实的非历史性理解。就此而言,马克思批评了古典经济学的实证主义哲学基础,以历史性研究克服了古典经济学的实证主义视野,并且将"批判"在政治经济学理论本质的意义上加以实现。具体来说,马克思的《资本论》通过批判的价值立场、批判的研究方法和批判的观点结论等方面,实现自身作为批判的政治经济学,而不是运用批判的政治经济学。如此一来,《资本论》政治经济学批判的真实意蕴才能彰显出来。

Marx＇s political economics is on the basis of the critique of political economics. As an object of Marx＇s critique of political economics, the classical economics uses positivism to observe objects, attaches great importance to the phenomenon of things and facts, but it never explores the historical origin of phenomena and facts, which will lead to the unhistorical understanding on the economic facts. In this respect, Marx criticized the positivism philosophy basis of classical economics, he used historical research to overcome the positivist view of classical economics, and put ＂criticism＂ on the nature of the political economics. In particular, the value of Marx＇s ＂Das Kapital＂ through critical research method and the critical point of conclusion, to realize its own as a critique of political economy rather than using the critique of political economy. This is the real meaning of the critique of political economy of Das Kapital