高空核爆下的短波通信

HF Communication under High-altitude Nuclear Explosion

高空核爆炸会产生附加电离区,给短波通信系统带来了严重的影响。基于国际参考电离层模型(IRI)、瞬发核辐射和缓发核辐射产生的大气电离模型,利用射线追踪方法,对高空核爆炸下,不同核爆当量、不同频段、不同通讯位置、不同发射仰角情况的短波通信进行了数值模拟和定量分析,给出了两组核爆当量下,可通信的时间、短波频段及其适宜发射仰角。介绍了模拟结果中几类典型的高空核爆炸下的射线传播状况。结果表明,当量越大,核爆炸产生的影响时间越长;高频段、距爆心距离相对较远的短波通信效果较好。

The additional ionization region caused by high-altitude nuclear explosion will have drastic effects on HF communication system. Based on international reference ionosphere （IRI） model, instant nuclear radiation model and delayed nuclear radiation model, the ray-tracing program is used to simulate and quantitatively analysis HF communication situations, under high-altitude nuclear explosion, with different explosion equivalents, different radio wave frequencies, different transmitter locations and different elevation angles of transmission. The time coming back to normal communication, suitable HF frequency and elevation angles under two different equivalents are given. Several typical wave-propagation situations under high-altitude nuclear explosion are presented. The results show that the higher level explosion equivalents have the longer time effect on HF communication, and higher frequency and location further away from explosion are advantageous.