菜籽粕对4～6周龄浙东白鹅体增重、养分利用率及血清生化指标的影响

Effect of Rapeseed Meal on Weight Gain,Nutrient Utilization and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Zhedong White Geese from 4 to 6 Weeks

本研究旨在探讨菜籽粕对4～6周龄浙东白鹅体增重、养分利用率及血清生化指标的影响，以确定此阶段肉鹅日粮中菜籽粕的合理添加水平。试验选用4周龄健康的浙东白鹅160只，随机分为4组，每组4个重复，每个重复10只，对照组饲喂基础日粮，3个试验组分别饲喂以3％、6％和90．4的菜籽粕代替基础日粮中豆粕的试验日粮。预试期7d，正试期14d。结果表明：03％、6％和9％组鹅体增重较对照组呈下降趋势，但各组间差异均不显著（P〉O．05）。②3％组总能（GE）、粗蛋白质（CP）和总磷（TP）的利用率最高，均极显著高于对照组（P〈0．01），粗脂肪（EE）利用率较对照组极显著提高（P〈O．01），随着菜籽粕添加量的增加，肉鹅对粗纤维（CF）和钙（Ca）的利用率降低，且6％和9％组较对照组呈现极显著差异（P〈0．01）。③3％组天冬氨酸（Asp）、谷氨酸（GIu）、色氨酸（Ser）、异亮氨酸（Ile）、亮氨酸（Leu）、苯丙氨酸（Phe）利用率均极显著高于对照组（P〈O．01）；6％组除缬氨酸（Val）、赖氨酸（Lys）外，其余氨基酸利用率均显著或极显著高于对照组（P％0．05；P〈0．01）；9％组色氨酸（Ser）、甘氨酸（Gly）、组氨酸（His）利用率均极显著高于对照组（P〈O．01）。④随着菜籽粕添加量的增加，血清中血糖（GLU）、三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）、甲状腺素（T4）含量呈上升趋势（P〉0．05），9％组血清中总胆固醇（TC）含量较对照组显著升高（P〈0．05），总蛋白（TP）、甘油三酯（TG）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）含量与对照组间差异均不显著（P〉0．05）。综上所述，4～6周龄浙东白鹅日粮中用3％～6％的菜籽粕代替部分豆粕较为适宜。

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of rapeseed meal on weight gain, nu- trient utilization and serum biochemical indexes of Zhedong White geese from 4 to 6 weeks. 160 4-week-old Zhedong White geese were randomly divided ihto 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet, and the three experimental groups were fed experimental diets which used 3 %, 6%, 9 % rapeseed meal replaced soybean meal in the basal diet,respectively. The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and the trial period lasted for 14 days. The results showed as follows.（1）Compared with control group,the weight gain of geese in 3% ,6%and 9% groups showed a decreased tendency,but there were no significant differences among all groups （P〉0.05）. @The utilization of GE,CP and TP were the highest in 3%group, and extremely significantly higher than that in control group （P〈0.01）,also the EE utilization was extremely significantly higher than that in control group （P〈0.01）. With the rapeseed meal level increasing, the utilization of CF and Ca in experimental groups were decreased, and 6 % and 9% groups showed a significant difference compared with control group （P〈0.01）. @The utili- zation of Asp,Glu,Ser,Ile,Leu,Phe in 3% group were extremely significantly higher than that in control group （P〈0.01）. Except for Val and Lys,there were significant or extremely significant differences in other amino acids utilization between control group and 6% group （P〈0.05 ;P〈 0.01）. The utilization of Ser,Gly, His in 9% group were extremely significantly higher than that in control group （P〈0.01）. ④With the rapeseed meal level increasing, the serum GLU, T3, T4 contents in experimental groups were increased （P〉0. 05） ,the serum TC content in 9% group was significantly higher than that in control group （P〈0.05）, there were no significant differences in the contents of TP, TG,ALT,AST of serum among all groups （P2〉0. 05）. In conclusion, 3% to 6 % rapeseed meal replaced soybean meal in the diet of Zhedong White geese from 4 to 6 weeks was appropriate.