知行合一:社会工作行动研究的历程

The Unity of Knowing and Doing: The Course of Social Work Action Research

梳理社会工作的历史文献,人们会发现无论是临床社会工作,还是社区社会工作,都是"做出来的"。基于实践性是社会工作的本质属性这一特点,文章阐明行动研究循环往复的过程是一个知行合一的历程:第一,社区实践的感受力是从事社会工作的开始或行动研究的起点,更是持续推动专业实务和行动研究的原动力;第二,社会学的想象力是建立在实践感基础上的理性分析能力,包括改变现实的行动力;第三,知行合一,并不是从感性认识到理性认识的单一循环,而是循环往复以至无穷的过程。结合作者十余年农村减贫社会工作的经验,作者特别强调米尔斯的社会学想象力不仅将个人生活与我们身处的社会联结起来进行历史的批判性思考,而且为个人战胜日常生活的困扰提供了无尽的可能性。

By reviewing the history of social work, it shows a clear picture that both clinical social work and community work are ＂made out of＂ doing. This article, based on this essential attribute of social work, proposes that the cycle of action research as the course of combining theory and practice of social work by three reasons. First of all, the ethos of community practice is not only the starting point of social work practice and the action research, but also the drive for continue doing pro- fessional practice and action research. Secondly, sociological imagination is the ability produced in practice through rationality, including activities to change the reality. Thirdly, the unity knowledge of knowing and doing is not a single cycle from sense to sensibility, but an endless cycle of both. After more than 10 years of practicing in rural development and anti-poverty social work practices, the author argues that the concept of sociological imagination proposed by C. Wright Mills is not only a critical perspective about how personal life in relation to the society we live in, but also a possible solution for our daily life.