抗生素制药菌渣的处理处置技术进展与分析

Progress and analysis of antibiotics bacterial residue disposal

通过文献查阅和对国内数十家典型抗生素制药企业实地调研,本文分析了近6年(2007—2012年)国内抗生素制药菌渣产量、市场份额、地域分布等情况,对抗生素处理处置方法进行了分析总结,包括堆肥、厌氧消化、酵母膏用品、菌渣水煤浆、菌渣活性炭技术。分析结果发现,目前国内的菌渣处理处置和资源化技术中堆肥、厌氧消化最受多数企业认可。然而,各类抗生素制药菌渣处理处置技术都会不同程度的产生相关污染物,残留抗生素效价在进行资源化利用时还需谨慎处理。

China is one of the largest antibiotics manufacture and usage country in the world, antibiotics bacterial residue appeared to be rising, and the resulting environmental pollution and health hazards also attracted more and more attention. Through literature research and investigation about dozes of domestic typical antibiotics pharmaceutical enterprises, domestic antibiotics bacterial residue yield, market share, regional distribution, the antibiotics treatment in nearly 6 years （2007-2012） were discussed. Disposal methods of antibiotics bacterial residue including composting, anaerobic digestion, yeast extract products, coal water slurry mixed with bacterial residue, and bacterial residue which were modified as an active carbon technology were analyzed comprehensively. The analysis results show that aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion are promising and approved among these domestic enterprises. However, all have varied degrees of relevant pollutants in different disposals of antibiotics bacterial residue. Antibiotics bacterial residue need be handled carefully in utilization of this resource.