循证护理对血液病患者化疗期间心理问题的干预效果

Evidence-Based Nursing Intervention Effect of Psychological Problems during Chemotherapy in Patients with Blood Diseases

目的:通过对血液病患者化疗期间抑郁、焦虑、恐惧等心理问题的研究,探讨循证护理的干预效果。方法:选取辽宁中医药大学附属医院血液科需行化疗的血液病患者60例,随机分成两组:试验组、对照组,每组各30例。试验组行循证护理干预治疗,包括支持疗法、松弛疗法、认知疗法、自我暗示治疗及生理反馈治疗等;对照组行内科常规护理治疗,包括一般护理、饮食与营养、病情观察、安全防护等;对比两组化疗期间不同阶段抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)的抑郁、焦虑水平以及治疗后症状自评量表(SCL90)的躯体化、强迫状态、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、恐怖、偏执、神经病性等评分水平。结果:1抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分比较,第3周试验组(39.45±10.59)较对照组(53.23±12.34)显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分比较,第3周试验组(23.18±8.23)较对照组(36.45±8.65)显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3症状自评量表(SCL90)评分比较,治疗后试验组SCL90评分水平明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:循证护理能显著降低患者抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表及症状自评量表的评分水平,对血液病患者化疗期间产生的抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等心理问题起到良好的干预效果。

Objective： Through the blood during chemotherapy in patients with psychological problems such as depression,anxiety,fear,to explore the intervention effect of evidence-based nursing. Methods： In our hospital,60 patients with chemotherapy were randomly divided into two groups. Control group 30 cases,medical routine nursing treatment,including general nursing,dietand nutrition,disease observation,safety protection,etc. The experimental group 30 cases,lines of evidence-based nursing intervention,including support therapy,relaxation therapy,cognitive therapy,self-suggestion treatment and biological feedback therapy,etc. At different stages during chemotherapy compare depression self rating scale（ SDS） and anxiety depression self rating scale（ SAS）,anxiety levels and symptom self-assessment scale（ SCL90） after treatment of somatization,force status,interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety,hostility,terror,paranoia,neuropathic grade level,etc. Results：（ 1） depression self rating scale（ SDS） score,third week group（ 39. 45 ± 10. 59） compared with control group（ 53. 23 ± 12. 34） decreased significantly,the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）;（ 2） the self-evaluation of anxiety scale（ SAS） score,third week experimental group（ 23. 18 ± 8. 23） than the control group（ 36. 45 ± 8. 65） decreased significantly,the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）;（ 3） symptoms rating scale（ SCL90） score comparison,the experimental group level of SCL90 score was better than that of control group,the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： Evidence-based nursing can significantly reduce the patients with anxiety depression self rating scale,and so during chemotherapy in patients with blood disease it has intervention effect on psychological problems such as depression,anxiety and terror.