住院儿童药物不良反应报告分析

Analysis of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized children

目的 了解儿科病房儿童药物不良反应（ADR）发生的特点和规律,促进儿科临床合理用药.方法 统计分析山东省滨州医学院附属医院儿科病房2011年1月至2013年12月308例ADR患儿的性别、年龄、给药途径、药物种类、ADR累及系统及临床表现.结果 308例ADR中,严重ADR 23例（7.5％）,新的ADR 34例（11.0％）;男性206例,女性102例,男女比例为2∶1;年龄35 d ～ 12岁,≤3岁儿童189例（61.4％）;抗生素所致ADR比例最高,为44.2％ （136/308）,其次为中成药,占32.5％ （100/308）;静脉滴注给药途径比例最高,占97.1％（299/308）;ADR主要累及皮肤及其附件,占73.7％（227/308）.结论 儿科病房应注重抗生素和中成药的合理使用,警惕严重ADR,及时识别新的ADR,尤其在静脉给药时.

Objective To explore the regularity and characteristics of adverse drug reaction （ADR） in pediatric wards.Methods Clinical data of 308 ADR in the pediatric wards from January 2011 to December 2013,including age,gender,route of administration,category of drug,organs and systems involved and clinical manifestations,was analyzed.Results There were 23 （7.5%） severe ADR and 34 （11.0%） new ADR.The ratio of male ∶ female was 2 ∶ 1 （206 ∶ 102）.The patients age ranged from 35 days to 12 years;189 （61.4%） cases were ≤3 years old.The proportion of ADR caused by antibiotics was the highest （44.2%,136/308）;ADR caused by Chinese medicine was 32.5% （100/308）.Patients receiving intravenous administration accounted for the largest proportion （97.1%,299/308）.The mostly involved organs of ADR were skin and its appendages,with an incidence of 73.7% （227/308）.Conclusion In the pediatric wards,antibiotics and Chinese patent medicines are normal reasons of severe ADR;new ADR should be noticed in time.