基于生态工程理论的北方电厂温排水余热综合利用

Comprehensive utilization of waste heat from thermal discharge based on ecological engineering theory

基于国内温排水余热利用形式单一、总体利用效率不高的现状,对中国核电站温排水余热的综合利用进行了初步研究。阐述了生态工程及生态设计的概念、相关原理及温排水余热综合利用工程与生态设计的结合点,得出温排水余热利用生态设计的最终成果形式是一种以利用温排水余热为主要目的的静脉产业类生态(工业)园,同时也是以核电厂及"优选利用途径"为核心的行业类生态(工业)园的结论。结合生态工程理论及生态设计的理念,根据中国北方某典型电厂的厂址环境特征及其所在区域的环境条件、环境规划和工业企业现状及发展规划,初步选定相应的"优选利用途径"为"海水淡化(RO(反渗透膜)法)",在此基础上,完成了典型厂址余热综合利用方案的生态设计及方案评价。

The nuclear power plants oftoday have a thermal efficiency of about 33%, so the balance of this energy must be discharged to the environment, and therefore the management of this waste heat to provide the minimum impairment to environmental quality is of great importance.With the rapid development of China＇s nuclear power industry,the negative thermal effect （i.e. thermal pollution） of waste heat emissions of thermal discharge from nuclear power plants has drawn increasing attention of the public.The best way to solve this problem is the beneficial use of waste heat. This paper investigates the comprehensive utilization of waste heatin the background that the approach to waste heat utilization is single and inefficient.The concept of eco-design, relevant principles and integration of waste heat utilization projects and eco-design are elaborated. It is concluded that the final form of eco-design of waste heat utilization is ＂Venous Industry Based Eco-industrial Parks＇,, with the utilization of waste heat from thermal discharge as the main objective, and ＂Sector-specific Eco-industrial Parks＂, with the nuclear power plant, and the ＂optimal utilization approach＂ as the core and foundation.According to the environmental characteristics, environmental planning, industry status and development planning of a typical nuclear power plant in northern China, the ＂Seawater Desalination （RO, reverse osmosis membrane）＂ was selected as the ＂optimal utilization approach＂, and combined with the concept of eco-design, the conceptual design of waste heat utilization scheme was completed, and the energy saving potentialwas estimated for the typical site （the first phase of the project） when takingfull . advantage of thermal discharge waste heat.