菌核侧耳液体培养及胞外聚合物成分分析

The Culture of Pleurotus Liquid and the Analysis of Extracellular Polymeric Substances

文章旨在探明不同碳源和氮源对菌核侧耳菌丝生长及胞外聚合物动态积累和化学成分组成影响。采用液体发酵培养研究结果表明：菌核侧耳（虎奶菇）菌丝体在以果糖为碳源的培养液中菌丝生长好于葡萄糖为碳源,生物转化率37.18~48.53%,菌丝（冻干）产量12.640.41~16.500.51g/L;以酵母粉为氮源的菌丝生长好于蛋白胨为氮源,生物转化率28.06~33.68%,菌丝产量9.540.79~11.450.73g/L。胞外聚合物含量在接种后的6~14d或6~20d均有一个平稳的高含量,在葡萄糖-酵母粉Gpy培养基中胞外聚合物含量（0.12~0.16g/L）明显高于以果糖-酵母粉Fpy培养基（0.11~0.12g/L）。气相色谱法分析表明：菌核侧耳（虎奶菇）胞外聚合物的单糖组成主要为葡萄糖、甘露糖和半乳糖,而且胞外聚合物含量高于单糖组分的总和,是一种杂多糖。本研究确定可以利用果糖-酵母粉培养基进行菌体增量培养,同时利用葡萄-糖酵母粉培养基进行胞外聚合物的增量培养。

To ascertain the effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources on the mycelial growth of Pleurotus tuber- regium( Fr.) Singer,the exo- polymers dynamic accumulation and its chemical composition. By liquid fermentation,the results showed that the mycelial growth was better in the medium of fructose as the carbon source than that of glucose as the carbon source,with biotransformation rate of 37. 18 ~ 48. 53%,and mycelium( lyophilized) yield 12. 64± 0. 41 ~ 16. 50 ± 0. 51 g / L; the mycelial growth in the medium of yeast powder as nitrogen source was better than that of peptone as nitrogen source,with biotransformation rate 28. 06 ~ 33. 68%,mycelium yield 9. 54 ± 0. 79 ~ 11. 45 ±0. 73 g / L. After 6 ~ 14 d or 6 ~ 20 d inoculation,the exo- polymer has a smooth high level contents. The exo- polymer content( 0. 12 ~ 0. 16 g / L) in Gpy( glucose- yeast) medium was significantly higher than that in Fpy( fructose-yeast) medium( 0. 11 ~ 0. 12 g / L). GC was used to analyze the monosaccharide in the exo- polymer. The results showed that the exo- polymer was a heteropolysaccharide,and its monosaccharide composition included glucose,mannose and galactose. The exo- polymer yield was higher than the total weights of its monosaccharide. In this study,Fpy medium can be used to increase the mycelia yield,and Gpy medium to increase the exo- polymer yield.