需要理论与译者行为之“信、达、雅”的再阐释

A New Explanation of Translator's “Faithfulness,Expressiveness and Elegance” from the Perspective of Need Theory

翻译过程涉及作者、委托人、出版商、译者、读者等各个主体及其相互关系,各方需要能够为翻译过程提供初始和运转动力,但各方需要产生的动力并不均等,其中往往一方需要起主导作用,各派翻译中心论都只看到了起主导作用的一方,而没有看到翻译过程的动态性和可变性,译者行为不该遵循以一方为中心的原则,而应遵循信于作者、达于自身、雅于读者的原则,尽量满足主导需要,协调各方需要,达到圆满圆通的目的。

In translation process, the relations concerning the author, client, publisher, translator and readers are involved. The needs of all these individuals can motivate translation action and provide constant power for translating. However, the power coming from these parties are not balanced. Generally, one party would dominate the whole process. The translation the- ories with various centers have seen the dominating party but have neglected the dynamic nature of translation process. Trans- lators should not comply with one party＇ s needs only but should try to satisfy the dominant needs and coordinate with all the parties in order to be faithful to the author, successful in self-achievement, and satisfying to readers.