微生物合成鸟氨酸的代谢工程研究进展

Progress in metabolic engineering for microbial synthesis of ornithine

鸟氨酸是一种非蛋白氨基酸,对氨态氮的排出及解除氨中毒有重要的作用,可用于功能性饮料、减肥保健产品及护肝抗癌药品等,在医疗、保健、食品等领域具有广泛的应用前景。本文系统地总结目前微生物合成鸟氨酸的研究现状,介绍鸟氨酸的分解代谢和合成代谢途径,及其所涉及的关键酶,详细阐述利用代谢工程改造鸟氨酸生产菌的思路,及其所涉及的代谢工程技术和最新研究进展,展望微生物合成鸟氨酸的代谢工程未来发展方向。

Ornithine is a non-essential amino acid. It plays key function to discharge amino nitrogen and solve ammonia toxicity. Recently, omithine is widely applied in the fields of the function beverage, diet, health care, liver-protecting, antieancer, and in the food and medicine industry. With the utilization of microbial resources and application of metabolic engineering in strain improvement, microbial fermentation gradually becomes the major method of ornithine production. The biosynthesis metabolic pathway and catabolic pathways of ornithine, which key enzymes are involved in, are introduced in this paper. Furthermore, the author gives a detailed description about the way of which ornithine producing strain is reformed by the metabolic engineering, involving metabolic engineering technology and the recent research progress.