SWAT模型在金沙江上游小流域径流模拟中的应用

Application of SWAT model in runoff simulation of small basin in upper reaches of Jinsha River

为探讨SWAT分布式水文模型在金沙江上游小流域水文过程模拟中的适用性,选择金沙江一级支流冲江河流域为研究区,利用该小流域控制站来远桥水文站1961~2012年月径流量数据进行模型参数率定与模型验证研究。结果表明：SWAT模型对金沙江上游山区小流域径流模拟精度较高,冲江河流域率定期和验证期月径流模拟值与实测值的相关系数分别达0.97和0.81,平均相对误差分别为16%和20%,纳什系数Ens分别为0.84和0.82。

To analyze the applicability of distributed hydrological model （SWAT） in simulation of hydrological process of small basin in the upper reach of Jinsha River, the Chongjiang River, a first tributary of Jinsha River, was selected as a research zone and the monthly runoff data from 1961 to 2012 at Laiyuanqiao Hydrology Station in the basin was used to rate the model parameters and verify the applicability of the model. The results showed that the SWAT model had a high simulation precision for the mountainous small watershed in the upper reaches of Jinsha River, the correlation coefficient, the average relative error and the nashsuteliffe efficiency coefficient of the simulated and measured monthly runoff were 0.97 and 0.82, 0.16 and 0.20, 0.84 and 0.81, during the calibration period and the verification period respectively.