2007-2014年湖北省克山病病情调查

Keshan disease in Hubei Province from 2007 to 2014： analysis of surveillance data

目的 掌握湖北省克山病病情流行趋势,为科学制订克山病的防治策略提供依据.方法 收集湖北省疾病预防控制中心按《全国克山病监测方案》要求进行的湖北省2007-2014年克山病病情调查数据,分析克山病病区监测对象一般情况,临床查体和心电图检测情况,可疑患者拍摄X线胸片和计算心胸比例情况等.结果 2007-2014年共监测4 822人,其中女性（2 589人,占53.69％）多于男性（2 233人,占46.31％）;15岁以下年龄组所占比例最大（52.47％,2 530/4 822）,其次为55岁以上年龄组（19.14％,923/4 822）;2011年心电图异常率最高（61.33％,268/437）,2014年最低（5.61％,23/410）.8年来只检出潜在型克山病患者,每年的检出率均低于3％,且有逐年降低的趋势,2012-2014年未检出克山病患者.共对91位可疑患者拍摄了胸片,心胸比例正常者居多（63.74％,58/91）,除l位心胸比例中度增大者外,其余32例心胸比例增大者均为检出的潜在型克山病患者.结论 湖北省克山病病情已处于平稳低发态势,但病情监测和健康教育仍必不可少,以防病情反复.

Objective To study the disease trend of Keshan in Hubei Province and provide a basis for scientifically making control and prevention strategy.Methods According to ＂Chinese Surveillance Plan of Keshan Disease＂,physical examination and electrocardiogram were done for surveillance subjects and suspected patients were filmed chest X-ray in Keshan disease areas.Results Totally 4 822 people were monitored from 2007-2014.The numbers of females （2 589,53.69%） were more than those of the males （2 233,46.31%）.The group of people under the age of 15 accounted for 52.47% （2 530/4 822） which was higher than that of the group over the age of 55 （19.14%,923/4 822）.The rate of electrocardiographic abnormality was the highest in 2011 （61.33%,268/ 437） and the lowest in 2014 （5.61%,23/410）.In the eight years,only potential type of Keshan disease patients were detected,and the incidences from 2007 to 2014 were all lower than 3% and had a decreasing trend yearly.No Keshan patient was detected in 2012-2014.Ninety-one suspected cases were taken chest X-ray.Most of the suspected cases （63.74%,58/91） had normal cardiothoracic ratio.The cardiothoracic ratio increased,excepting one,other 32 were all potential type Keshan disease patients.Conclusions The disease trend of Keshan disease in Hubei Province is weak.Nevertheless,surveillance and health education are indispensable,in case the disease relapses.