低自放电Cd-Ni蓄电池研制

Development of low self-discharge Cd-Ni battery

研究了降低Cd-Ni蓄电池自放电的几个技术方法和Cd-Ni蓄电池在45℃及常温环境下的自放电对应关系。通过添加过渡金属元素Nb和Y提高正极过氧电位、采用磺酸基接枝聚丙烯隔膜、优化提高电解液Na+含量,电池自放电明显降低,常温搁置1年自放电率20%左右;研制的Cd-Ni蓄电池在45℃下搁置1个月的自放电率与常温搁置3个月自放电率相当,45℃搁置3个月的自放电率与常温搁置1年自放电率相近。

Several methods to decrease the self-discharging of Cd-Ni batteries were studied, and the corresponding self-discharging relation at 45 ℃ and room temperature was researched. The self-discharge rate of nickel-cadmium battery decreased obviously by adding additives of Nb element and Y element to increase oxygen over-voltage, using the sulfonated hydrophilic separator and adapting the electrolyte composition rich of Na^＋; the self-discharge rate of the battery was about 20% during 1 year storage at room temperature. The self-discharge rate of the battery during 1 month storage at 45 ℃ was closed to the rate of the battery during 3 months storage at room temperature. And the self-discharge rate of the battery during 3 months storage at 45 ℃ was closed to the rate of the battery during 1 year storage at room temperature.