摘要
目的:应用锥形束CT(cone-beam computed tomography,CBCT)评价治疗前双颌前突患者前牙区牙槽骨缺损情况。方法:选取50名未经正畸治疗的患者,根据年龄分为成人组[30例,平均(22.9±4.2)岁]与青少年组[20例,平均(13.1±1.0)岁],其中成人组根据垂直骨面型分为低角组(9例)、均角组(11例)与高角组(10例),所有患者在相同参数条件下进行CBCT扫描,在其CBCT图像上诊断牙槽骨开窗与开裂的情况并分析其分布特征。结果:双颌前突患者发生牙槽骨缺损的人数比为94.00%。所有接受检验的牙齿牙槽骨缺损发生率为38.60%。牙槽骨缺损绝大多数发生在唇侧(98.66%);牙槽骨开窗主要发生在上颌,而骨开裂主要发生在下颌。青少年组牙槽骨开裂(3.06%)及骨缺损(30.13%)发生率明显低于成人组的骨开裂(11.73%)及骨缺损(42.46%)发生率,P<0.05;而两组的牙槽骨开窗发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。低角组骨开窗(22.22%)的发生率低于均角组(33.84%)和高角组(37.50%),P<0.05。牙槽骨缺损发生率最低的牙位为上颌中切牙。结论:双颌前突患者在正畸治疗前即存在广泛的牙槽骨缺损,缺损的发生率受年龄、垂直骨面型等因素影响。
Objective:To investigate the alveolar bone defects of anterior alveolar bone in patients with bimaxillary protrusion by using cone-beam computed tomography ( CBCT ) . Methods: The samples consisted of 50 patients with bimaxillary protrusion, who were assigned to the teenage group[20 cases, (13. 1 ± 1. 0) years] and adult group[30 cases, (22. 9 ± 4. 2) years] . The adult group included 9 hy-po-divergent, 11 normo-divergent and 10 hyper-divergent patients. The images were obtained by using NewTom VG CBCT and the alveolar defects were evaluated. Results:The ratio of the patients had alveo-lar bone defects was 94. 00%. Meanwhile, the defects were associated with 38. 60% of all the teeth. Most defects occurred on labial alveolar bone ( 98 . 66%); fenestration was found more in the maxillary alveolar region and dehiscence occurred more in the mandible. The dehiscences (3. 06%) and defects prevalence (30. 13%) of the teenage group were significant lower than those of the adult group (11. 73% vs. 42. 46%), P〈0. 05; while there was no significance of the fenestrations prevalence between the two group (P〉0. 05). The hypo-divergent group had lower fenestrations prevalence (22. 22%) than the normo-divergent (33. 84%) and hyper-divergent groups (37. 50%), P〈0. 05. The upper central incisor had the lowest alveolar bone defect prevalence. Conclusion: Alveolar bone defects are common findings in patients with bimaxillary protrusion before orthodontic treatment. The prevalence of defects is affected by age and vertical-growth type.
出处
《北京大学学报(医学版)》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期514-520,共7页
Journal of Peking University:Health Sciences
关键词
锥束计算机体层摄影术
错牙合
牙槽骨质丢失
双颌前突
Cone-beam computed tomography
Malocclusion
Alveolar bone loss
Bimaxillary protrusion