温度对草小卷蛾发育的影响及其实验种群生命表

Influences of temperature on the development and life table parameters of a laboratory population of Celypha flavipalpana Herrich-Schaffer(Lepidoptera:Tortricidae)

【目的】研究温度对草小卷蛾Celypha flavipalpana Herrich-Schaffer种群动态和繁殖情况的影响。【方法】本研究在不同条件下（20~32℃,16L︰8D,RH=70%~80%）对草小卷蛾的发育起点温度和有效积温进行系统研究,并于26℃下建立实验种群生命表和生殖力表。【结果】经统计分析,其卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫及全世代的发育起点温度（℃）分别为14.30±2.43、6.45±1.57、11.01±1.78、12.40±2.7和9.48±2.19,有效积温（日·度）分别为45.05±8.88、492.01±42.48、107.53±13.63、65.51±12.39和671.86±94.19;实验种群趋势指数I〉1,次代种群数量呈12.13倍趋势增长,净增值率R0=15.85,世代平均周期T=39.99,内禀增长率rm=0.0691,周限增长速率λ=1.0715,种群倍增时间t=10.0331。【结论】在20~28℃,草小卷蛾各虫态发育历期随着温度的升高而逐渐缩短,32℃下幼虫期和蛹期发育速率减慢,部分幼虫出现休眠状态;26℃下次代实验种群数量呈增长趋势。

[Objectives] To study the influences of temperature on the population dynamics and fecundity of a laboratory population of Celypha flavipalpana Herrich-Schaffer. [Methods] The developmental threshold and effective accumulated temperature at different temperatures（20-32℃,16L︰8D,RH=70%） were measured and data collected at 26℃ was used to compile age specific life and fecundity tables. [Results] The development threshold and effective accumulated temperature of each life-history stage, and one complete generation, were（14.30±2.43）、（6.45±1.57）、（11.01±1.78）、（12.40±2.7）、（9.48±2.19） ℃ and（45.05±8.88）、（492.01±42.48）、（107.53±13.63）、（65.51±12.39）、（671.86±94.19） degree·days, respectively. The index of population trend was 12.13, the net reproductive rate was 15.85, the mean generation time was 39.99 d, the intrinsic rate of natural increase was 0.0691, the finite rate of increase was 1.0715, and the doubling time was 10.0331. [Conclusion] The developmental duration of each instar decreased with increasing temperature from 20℃ to 28℃, whereas the developmental rate of larvae and pupae declined at 32℃ and a proportion of larvae appeared to become dormant. The experimental population tended to increase when kept at 26℃.