试论丝绸文物塑性形变机理与恢复技术

On the Plastic Deformation and Restoration Technique of the Silk Cultural Relics

分析发现,丝绸文物的形变源自纤维在外力或环境因素作用下产生的形变,其形变可分为急弹性、缓弹性和塑性形变,其中塑性形变是因外力负荷大且作用时间长而形成的无法自行恢复的形变。通过提升纤维的吸湿水平,可以提升纤维形变回弹率,回弹率的增加意味着纤维塑性形变恢复的可能性增加。本文对利用纤维湿度调节技术,恢复丝绸文物形变的技术操作进行了探索。

The Analyses showed that the deformation of the silk cultural relics is caused by the external force or environmental factors, and the deformation can be classiifed as fast-elastic deformation, delayed deformation and plastic deformation, and the plastic deformation is the deformation caused by long-lasting overload of external forces and cannot restore by the silk cultural relics themselves. By increasing the moisture absorption level of the ifber, the resilience rate of the deformed ifber could be increased, which means that the plastic deformation of the fibers could possibly be recovered. This paper discussed the technical operation of recovering plastic deformation of silk cultural relics by adjusting the moisture of the ifbers.