昆明市高校女教师宫颈癌认知度与筛查现状分析

The Awareness and Screening Situation of Cervical Cancer among Female Teachers in Kunming Universities

目的对昆明市高校女教师的宫颈癌认知度与筛查情况进行调查分析,为今后的宫颈癌预防工作提供理论依据.方法采用随机抽样方法,对昆明市10所高校24~56岁年龄段的372名女教师进行宫颈癌认知度及筛查现状的调查,并用检验和Logistic回归进行统计分析.结果在372名高校女教师中,有90%的人能正确认识宫颈癌是可以早发现、早诊断和早治疗的;57%的人听说过人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）;48%的人认为感染人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是引起宫颈癌发生的危险因素;50%的人认为过早发生性行为是引起宫颈癌的危险因素;87%的人认为育龄妇女筛查宫颈癌是有必要的.只有49.7%的人进行过宫颈癌的筛查,50.3%的人从未进行过宫颈癌的筛查.宫颈癌认知度、年龄与健康教育开展情况对宫颈癌筛查水平有影响（P〈0.05）.医学院校与非医学院校女教师在宫颈癌认知度方面无差异,但筛查水平有差异,医学院校宫颈癌筛查率高于非医学院校（P〈0.05）.结论昆明市部分高校女教师对宫颈癌相关知识的认知度较高,但筛查水平较低,筛查人数仅占49.7%,有一半以上的人未进行过宫颈癌的筛查.宫颈癌认知度、年龄、健康教育开展情况及筛查过程中的主观感受综合作用,对宫颈癌筛查率有影响.

Objective To understand the awareness of and screening situation of cervical cancer among fe- male teachers in Kunming universities, and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of cervical cancer. Meth- ods Random sampling was used to investigate the awareness and screening situation of cervical cancer among 372 female teachers aged from 24 to 56 in ten Kunming universities. The statistical X 2 test and Logistic regression anal- ysis were used to analyze the collected data. Results Among 372 female teachers in colleges and universities, 90% of them could correctly understand that the cancer can be early detected, early diagnozed and early treated; 57% of them have heard of the extraordinary papillomavirus （HPV）; 48% of them know that human papillomavirus （HPV） is a risk factor for cervical cancer; 50% of them think that premature sex is a risk factor for causes of cervi- cal cancer; 87% of them think that cervical cancer screening for women of childbearing age is necessary . Only 49.7% of them received cervical cancer screening, 50.3% of them had never been screened for cervical cancer. Cervical cancer awareness, age and health education had influence on the cervical cancer screening levels （P〈 0.05 ）. There was no significant difference in the awareness of cervical cancer, but there was a significant difference in the cervical cancer screening levels in female teachers between Non-medical colleges and medical colleges, thecervical cancer screening rate was significantly higher in medical colleges than that in non-medical colleges （P〈 0.05）. Conclusion The awareness of cervical cancer-related knowledge is high in female teachers in part of col- leges in Kunming, but the levels of screening is low, only 49.7% of them have received cervical cancer screening, and more more than half of them have never received cervical cancer screening. The main influencing factors of the cervical cancer screening are the awareness of cervical cancer, age, health education and subjective feelings during cervical cancer screening.