深圳市2004～2013年梅毒流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of syphilis in Shenzhen from 2004 to 2013

目的了解深圳市近十年梅毒流行特征及趋势,为政府制定性病的防治政策提供参考。方法通过＂中国疾病预防控制信息系统＂收集2004~2013年深圳市梅毒报告病例,进行流行病学分析。结果 2013年梅毒报告发病率为64.04/10万,是2004年（34.80/10万）的1.84倍,年平均增长6.99%。病例主要集中在工人、家务及待业等职业中,患者年龄以20~39岁年龄组为主,〉60岁年龄组中隐性梅毒报告发病率上升趋势明显。发病地区分布不均衡,报告发病率罗湖区最高,盐田区最低。男性梅毒报告病例数呈明显上升趋势,男女性别比例由2004年0.60：1上升至2013年1.05：1。早期梅毒报告病例数所占比例逐年减少,而隐性梅毒构成则快速增长。结论梅毒疫情仍然严峻,应继续加强梅毒筛查,早期发现感染者,并适时调整防控策略和目标人群,进一步控制梅毒的危害。

Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics and trends of syphilis in Shenzhen during the recent 10 years, and to provide scientific evidence for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods Data of syphilis cases in Shenzhen city were collected from ＂China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention＂ from 2004 to 2013 and epidemiologically analyzed. Results The reported incidence of syphilis in 2013 was 64.04 / 100 000, being 1.84 times as high as that in 2004,with an annual average increase rate of 6.99% during this period.The syphilis mainly occurred among workers, houseworker and unemployed persons.Most cases were distributed in the age group of 20 - 39 years.The reported incidence of latent syphilis showed a significant increasing trend among people over 60 years. The incidence of syphilis presented a non-balanced regional distribution,being highest in Luohu district and lowest in Yantian district. The number of male cases increased remarkably with the sex ratio increasing from 0.60：1 in 2004 to 1.05：1 in 2013. The proportion of early syphilis cases decreased year by year whereas that of latent syphilis increased rapidly. Conclusion Syphilis was still epidemic in Shenzhen city. Early screening of syphilis should be strengthened to identify new cases. Control strategies as well as the target population should be modified timely based on the epidemic data to reduce the occurrence of syphilis.