海南定安县2008～2013年跌倒/坠落伤害流行特征分析

Epidemiologic characteristics of injury of tumble and fall in Ding'an county of Hainan during 2008-2013

目的了解海南省定安县2008~2013年跌倒/坠落伤害的流行特征,为制定有效的干预措施提供依据。方法以安定县3家哨点医院2008~2013年首诊患者为研究对象,通过填写《全国伤害监测报告卡》,收集相关信息,采用《全国伤害监测信息管理系统软件》进行数据录入,并利用SPSS13.0进行统计分析。结果 2008~2013年共监测跌倒/坠落伤患者10 107例,占总伤害病例的40.8%;男女比为1.86：1,各年龄组（65岁组除外）均以男性居多,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;25~64岁人群占总病例的46.1%,主要发生于4~7月份（37.5%）和上午8：00-10：00（43.4%）;0~5岁和65岁及以上组伤害地点主要集中在家中,分别为90.3%和83.2%,而5~19岁儿童青少年伤害地点多在学校及公共场所发生（43.2%）;不同年龄组易伤部位不同,20~24岁和65岁及以上组为下肢,45~64岁组为躯干,其他年龄组均为头部,0~5岁儿童尤为明显（51.8%）。结论定安县跌倒/坠落高发于25~64岁青壮年男性;5岁以下儿童主要造成头部损伤,不同年龄组跌倒、坠落发生的特征不同,建议针对不同年龄组、性别采取针对性的跌倒/坠落预防措施。

Objective To analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of injury tumble and fall in Ding＇ an County of Hainan Province in 2008 - 2013. Methods Monitoring data from sentinel hospitals in dingan county in 2008-2013 were collected and analyzed. Patients＇ information was filled in the national injury surveillance cards which were made by China National Center for Disease Control and Prevention and inputed in the software system of injurymonitoring information management. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS 13.0 software. Results Totallyl0 107 patients were injured by tumble and fall accounting for 40.8% of all of the injuries in 2008-2013. Fallen injury topped the list in the Cause of injury; The number of injuries in male was more than female with sex ratio of 1.86：1. Distribution of injuries varied in different sex and age groups. （except the age group of 65 years old）,exhibited a statistically significant difference （X2=617.178, P〈0.01 ） ;46.1% of the injured cases were in the age group of 25-64 years old. The injury were mainly recorded from April to July（37.5%）at 8： 00-10：00 in the morning （43.4%）.Most of the injuries in age group of 0-5 age group above 65 years occurred at home, the accounted for 90.3% and 83.2%,respectively higher than other age groups. The second injury venues in age group of 5-19 years were schools and the public places, accouted for 42.3% higher than other age goups.The parts ofinjuries in age groups of 20-24 and aboven 65 years were lower limbs, and injury in age group of 45~64 years was at the main body and injury in the head in the other age groups, especially in age group of 0-4 years aecouted for 51.8% higher than other age goups. Conclusion Tumble and fall injury in male of 25-64 years old in Ding＇ an County were more common. Children younger than 5 years old were mainly injured in the head.Therefore the intervention measures for prevention tumble and fall be adopted based on the epidemiologic charsceristics of injury targeted at different age groups and genders.