1093例儿童微量元素、维生素D及血铅水平调查分析

Survey of contents of trace elements,vitamin D and blood lead in 1093 children

目的了解广州市海珠区0~6岁体检儿童微量元素、维生素D及血铅水平。方法将2014年辖区内常驻人口中的1 093例体检儿童,根据年龄分为A组（0~12个月366例）、B组（13~36个月352例）、C组（37个月~6岁375例）。对所有入选对象进行微量元素、维生素D及血铅水平的检测,结合年龄进行检测结果的分析。结果 1 093例入选儿童钙（Ca）、铁（Fe）、锌（Zn）、镁（Mg）、铜（Cu）缺乏率、维生素D缺乏率、血铅超标率分别为29.73%、15.74%、25.71%、2.65%、4.30%、13.08%、1.19%;男、女童的微量元素缺乏率、维生素D缺乏率及血铅超标率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;A组Fe缺乏率高于其他两组（P〈0.05）;B组Zn缺乏率高于其他两组（P〈0.05）;C组Ca缺乏率及血铅超标率高于其他两组（P〈0.05）;三组Mg、Cu、维生素D缺乏率无明显差别（P〉0.05）。结论 0~6岁儿童均存在不同程度的微量元素和维生素D缺乏,同时年龄稍大儿童更易发生血铅超标,应加强对家长进行相关知识的宣传,并定期进行检测,结合不同年龄段儿童生长发育特点提出相应干预措施。

Objective To survey the contents of trace elements, vitamin D and blood lewd in 0-6 years old children of Haizhu District, Guangzhou City in 2014. Methods The 1 083 children in Haizhu district of Guanghou city were divided into group A （366 children aged 0-12 months）, B group （352 childrenl3-36 months）, C group （375 children aged 37 months -6 years）, and the contents of trace elements, vitamin D and blood lead were determined and analyzed. Results The deficiency rates of calcium （Ca）, iron （Fe）, zinc （Zn）, magnesium （Mg）, copper（Cu）, vitamin D and unqualification rate of blood lead in the 1 093 children were 29.73%, 15.74%, 25.71%, 2.65%, 4.30%, 13.08%, 1.19%. No significant differences were noticed in deficiency of trace elements, vitamin D and unqualification rate of blood lead between males and females. （P〉0.05）; Iron deficiency rate in children of group A was higher than other two groups （P〈0.05）; The deficiency rate of zinc in group B was higher than the other two groups （P〈0.05）; the deficiency rate of calcium and unqualification rate of blood lead in children of group C were higher than the other two groups （P〈0.05）; No significant differences in deficiency rates of magnesium, copper and vitamin Din children of three groups were observed（P〉0.05）.Conclusion The trace elements and vitamin D at different extent were deficient in 0- 6 year old children, and unqualification of blood lead would prone to occur in older children. Therefore health education with relevant knowledge be carried out among household heads, regular monitoring be conducted and intervention measures taking the growth and development features of the children into consideration should also be performed.