相变纳米液滴和微泡增强HIFU在体模中所致凝固性坏死的对比

Comparing efficiency enhancement of high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment by microbubble and lipid-coated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets in tissue-mimicking phantom

目的对比研究相变纳米液滴-包裹相变温度29℃的全氟戊烷的脂质纳米液滴(L-PFP)和微米级微泡(Sono Vue)增强HIFU在体模中的消融效果。方法分别将0.3 ml的生理盐水、L-PFP和Sono Vue各自加入到100 ml的蛋清体模中,制成对照组、L-PFP组、Sono Vue组。然后在B超引导下进行HIFU定点辐照,声功率100 W、辐照时间10 s、辐照深度14 mm。比较3组辐照前后凝固性坏死的体积和能效因子(EEF)。结果辐照后即刻,B超图像上3组的靶区均出现强回声,L-PFP组强回声范围最大;HIFU在体模中形成的凝固性坏死体积为L-PFP组>Sono Vue组>对照组(P<0.05);3组的EEF为对照组>Sono Vue组>L-PFP组(P<0.05)。HIFU辐照过程中L-PFP组的开始温升速度和最高温度均大于Sono Vue组。结论与微米级微泡相比,相变脂质纳米液滴的对HIFU辐照的增效效果更加明显。

Objective To compare the efficiency of lipid-coated nanocapsules filled with lipid-coated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets（ L-PFP） which the boiling points is 29℃ and encapsulated microbbles（ Sono Vue） in HIFU treatment. Methods The same amount of 0. 3 ml of saline（ control group）,L-PFP（ L-PFP group） and Sono Vue（ Sono Vue group） were mixed into three 100 ml egg white phantoms separately. The phantoms of three groups were sonicated using ultrasound guided HIFU with acoustic power 100 W,exposure time 10 s and focal depth 14 mm. The volume of coagulation necrosis and energy efficiency factor（ EEF） before and after irradiation were compared among three groups. Results The target area of three groups in the B-mode ultrasound imaging became hypoechoic immediately after HIFU,the hypoechoic range for L-PFP group was the largest; the volume of lesion in phantom induced by HIFU was L-PFP group Sono Vue group control group（ P〈0. 05）; the EEF was control group Sono Vue group L-PFP group（ P〈0. 05）. During sonication,the initial temperature rise rate and the maximum temperature of L-PFP group were higher than those of Sono Vue group. Conclusion Compared with microbubble,the enhancement of phase-shift lipid-coated nanocapsules in HIFU therapy is more obvious.