自动气象站蒸发示值重复性指标及校准方法研究

Repeatability Index and Calibration Method of Evaporation Indications of Automatic Weather Stations

四川省气象自动站蒸发要素校准工作中示值波动过大的情况时有发生,误差时而满足校准规范要求,时而不满足规范要求,导致校准数据的重复性较差,面对这种情况,按照中国气象局监测网络司发行的自动气象站现场校准方法(试行),难以对测量系统计量性能指标的符合性做出判定。通过查阅JJF1001-2011《通用计量术语及定义》、JJF1126—2004《超声波测厚仪校准规范》等相关资料,得出规定测量系统的示值重复性即可解决这一技术难题,并且通过大量试验及工作经验得出了示值重复性指标及其校准方法,为自动站蒸发系统现场校准规范的制定提供了有力的理论依据。

The over fluctuation of indication often occurs when calibrating evaporating sensors of automatic weather stations in Sichuan Province. The measured errors can meet the requirement of the calibration specification at one time and cannot the other time, which result in poor repeatability of calibration data. Regarding such situation, it is hard to judge the quantification index of the measuring system on the basis of the field trial use calibration method of automatic weather stations published by the Department of Observation and Telecommunication, CMA. In accordance with JJF 1001-2011 General Measuring Terminology and Definition and JJF 1126-2004 Specifications for Calibration of Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge, etc., this technical problem can be solved by specifying the indication repeatability of the measuring system. Based on a great number of experiments and work experiences, the repeatability index and calibration method of the evaporation indications are developed, which provides theoretical reference for making specifications for the on-site calibration for the evaporating measuring system of automatic weather stations.