丁丙诺啡透皮贴剂的缓释镇痛作用

Buprenorphine transdermal patches as preemptive analgesia

背景:丁丙诺啡透皮贴剂具有血药浓度稳定、镇痛时间长、呼吸抑制和其他不良反应较小的特点,被广泛应用于治疗中度到重度慢性疼痛。目的:观察丁丙诺啡透皮贴剂超前镇痛对腰椎后路椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗后疼痛的抑制效果。方法:选择拟行全麻下腰椎后路减压椎间植骨融合椎弓根螺钉内固定患者80例,其中男45例,女35例,年龄42-71岁,随机均分为两组,试验组于内固定治疗前2 d使用丁丙诺啡透皮贴剂,治疗后使用帕瑞昔布钠镇痛;对照组内固定治疗前给予与丁丙诺啡透皮贴剂相似的空白贴剂,治疗后使用静脉自控镇痛泵及帕瑞昔布钠镇痛。记录患者治疗后6,12,24,48 h的目测类比评分、术后追加盐酸曲马多及盐酸哌替啶用量和不良反应,治疗后48 h患者满意度、引流量及血常规、血沉、C-反应蛋白水平。结果与结论:两组目测类比评分、术后追加盐酸曲马多及盐酸哌替啶用量、术后引流量、白细胞总数、血沉、C-反应蛋白水平比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),试验组恶心呕吐及术后谵妄的发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组的患者满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。表明丁丙诺啡透皮贴剂对腰椎后路椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗后具有较好的超前镇痛效果,不良反应少,提高了患者满意度。

BACKGROUND：Buprenorphine transdermal patches have the characteristics of stable blood concentration, long duration of analgesia, respiratory depression and less side effects, which have been widely used in the treatment of moderate to severe chronic pain. OBJECTIVE：To observe the clinical outcome of preoperative analgesia by buprenorphine transdermal patches for pain management after posterior lumbar surgery. METHODS： Eighty patients scheduled for posterior lumbar decompression and interbody fusion under general anesthesia were enroled, 45 males and 35 females, aged 42-71 years, who were randomly divided into two groups, 40 cases in each group： experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, buprenorphine transdermal patches were given 2 days prior to the internal fixation, and intravenous injection of parecoxib was given for postoperative pain management. In the control group, placebo patches were given prior to the internal fixation, and self-control vein analgesia pump and intravenous injection of parecoxib were given for postoperative pain management. Visual analog scale scores were recorded at 6, 12, 24, 48 hours after surgery as wel as doses of tramadol hydrochloride and pethidine hydrochloride used postoperatively and side effects. The patient＇s satisfaction, drainage and blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein level at 48 hours postoperatively were detected and recorded in the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：There was no significant difference between these two groups in visual analog scale scores, dosage of tramadol hydrochloride and pethidine hydrochloride used postoperatively, postoperative drainage amount, leukocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level （P 〉 0.05）. Postoperative incidence of nausea, vomiting and delirium was lower in the experimental group than the control group （P 〈 0.05）, but the patient＇s satisfaction in the experimental group was better than that in the control group （P〈 0.05）. These findings indicate that buprenorphine transdermal patches have better preemptive analgesia for posterior lumbar surgery, with less adverse effects and better patient＇s satisfaction.